What was the primary accusation against Julius and Ethel Rosenberg?

The primary accusation against Julius and Ethel Rosenberg was espionage. They were charged with conspiring to transmit atomic secrets to the Soviet Union during the Cold War. This was a time when the United States was particularly concerned about nuclear proliferation and the possibility of the Soviet Union gaining access to American nuclear technology. The Rosenbergs were convicted in 1951 and executed in 1953, marking one of the most controversial moments in American Cold War history. Their case was highly publicized and sparked a significant debate over issues of civil liberties, the fairness of the trial, and the morality of the death penalty, especially given the limited evidence against them. The nature of their charges reflected the intense fears and suspicions of communist infiltration in American society at that time.